ABSTRACT
<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Diabetic cardiomyopathy is the major cause of morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients. Oxidative stress plays an important role in diabetic cardiomyopathy. This study aimed to investigate the effects of adiponectin on oxidative stress and apoptosis in human cardiac myocytes (HCM) cultured with high glucose.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The cells were assigned to three group: control group, high glucose group and high glucose plus adiponectin group. After culture for 24, 48, 72 hours, oxidative stress was evaluated by detecting levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the supernatant of culture media. The expression of p66Shc and Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) was detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Flow cytometry was designed to observe and detect cellular apoptosis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Our findings showed significant increase in MDA levels and decrease in SOD activity in the high glucose group compared with the control group (P < 0.05). However, MDA levels were significantly decreased and SOD activity was significantly increased in the adiponectin group compared with those in the high-glucose group (P < 0.05). The mRNA expression of HO-1 in the high glucose group was significantly increased in a time-dependent manner compared with that in the control group (P < 0.05). Adiponectin further increased the mRNA expression of HO-1 induced by high glucose in a time-dependent manner (P < 0.05).The expression of p66Shc was significantly increased in high glucose group compared with that in the control group (P < 0.05). Adiponectin significantly suppressed the upregulation of p66Shc induced by high glucose (P < 0.05). The apoptotic rate of cardiomyocytes was significantly increased in the high glucose group compared with that in the control group while the apoptotic rate in the adiponectin group was remarkably declined in comparison with that in the high glucose group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Adiponectin reduces high glucose-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis and plays a protective role in myocardial cells by upregulating the HO-1 expression and downregulating p66Shc expression.</p>
Subject(s)
Humans , Adiponectin , Pharmacology , Apoptosis , Cell Line , Flow Cytometry , Glucose , Pharmacology , Malondialdehyde , Metabolism , Myocytes, Cardiac , Cell Biology , Metabolism , Oxidative Stress , Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction , Superoxide Dismutase , MetabolismABSTRACT
Objective To explore the determinants of Alzheimer' s disease (AD) patients with depression.Methods The degree of depression on AD patients was assessed by the geriatric depression scale.Improved cumulative logistic regression (ICLR) was used to analyze the determinants of AD patients with depression.Results 196 AD patients were investigated.Among the 196 AD patients,there were 60(30.6％ ) males and 136(69.4％ ) females,at 58-89 years of age (72.3 ± 6.0).Physical activity,diabetes,MoCA,hearing,economic sources and alcohol were related to the degree of depression of AD patients (P＜0.10 ).The difference between “normal” and “mild depression” was smaller than difference between “mild depression” and “severe depression”.Conclusion AD patients with mild depression were the target population for prevention and they were influenced by several factors listed above.
ABSTRACT
Central randomized system (CRS) is actually a management system for actualizing process of clinical trial, which can not only reduce the factitious jamming during randomization to avoid bias, but also play an important role in drug supervision during long-term and large-scale clinical trials in which a large amount of drugs are applied. This article introduced the two main functions of the CRS, i. e. the randomization of testees and the management of drugs, as well as the key points and instructions for applying clinical research interactive voice responding system (CRIVRS) in operating the project of clinical trial for secondary prevention of myocardial infarction by Qishen Yiqi Drop Pill.